Anguilla Population: 16,752
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| History | |
| Colonized by English settlers from Saint Kitts in 1650, Anguilla was administered by Great Britain until the early 19th century, when the island - against the wishes of the inhabitants - was incorporated into a single British dependency along with Saint Kitts and Nevis. Several attempts at separation failed. In 1971, two years after a revolt, Anguilla was finally allowed to secede; this arrangement was formally recognized in 1980, with Anguilla becoming a separate British dependency. |
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| Geography | |
The most northerly of the Leeward Islands in the Lesser Antilles | |
| Location: | Caribbean, islands between the Caribbean Sea and North Atlantic Ocean, east of Puerto Rico |
| Geographic coordinates: | 18 15 N, 63 10 W |
| Area: | total: 91 sq km land: 91 sq km water: 0 sq km Size comparison: about one-half the size of Washington, DC |
| Land Boundaries: | 0 km |
| Coastline: | 61 km |
| Maritime claims: | territorial sea: 3 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm |
| Climate: | tropical; moderated by northeast trade winds |
| Terrain: | flat and low-lying island of coral and limestone |
| Elevation extremes: | |
| Natural resources: | salt, fish, lobster |
| Land use: | agricultural land: 0% arable land 0%; permanent crops 0%; permanent pasture 0% forest: 61.1% other: 38.9% (mostly rock with some commercial salt ponds) (2011 est.) |
| Irrigated land: | 0 sq km (2012) |
| Natural hazards: | frequent hurricanes and other tropical storms (July to October) |
| Current Environment Issues: | supplies of potable water sometimes cannot meet increasing demand largely because of poor distribution system |
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| People | |
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| Nationality: | noun: Anguillan(s) adjective: Anguillan |
| Ethnic groups: | African/black 85.3%, hispanic 4.9%, mixed 3.8%, white 3.2%, East Indian/Indian 1%, other 1.6%, unspecified 0.3% (2011 est.) |
| Languages: | English (official) |
| Religions: | Protestant 73.2% (includes Anglican 22.7%, Methodist 19.4%, Pentecostal 10.5%, Seventh Day Adventist 8.3%, Baptist 7.1%, Church of God 4.9%, Presbytarian 0.2%, Brethren 0.1%), Roman Catholic 6.8%, Jehovah's Witness 1.1%, other Christian 10.9%, other 3.2%, unspecified 0.3%, none 4.5% (2011 est.) |
| Population: | 16,752 (July 2016 est.) |
| Age structure: | 0-14 years: 22.48% (male 1,924/female 1,842) 15-24 years: 14.05% (male 1,176/female 1,178) 25-54 years: 44.32% (male 3,340/female 4,084) 55-64 years: 10.51% (male 834/female 926) 65 years and over: 8.64% (male 719/female 729) (2016 est.) |
| Median age: | total: 34.6 years male: 32.7 years female: 36.4 years (2016 est.) |
| Population growth rate: | 2% (2016 est.) |
| Birth rate: | 12.7 births/1,000 population (2016 est.) |
| Death rate: | 4.6 deaths/1,000 population (2016 est.) |
| Net migration rate: | 11.9 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2016 est.) |
| Urbanization: | urban population: 100% of total population (2015) rate of urbanization: 1.19% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.) |
| Major urban areas - population: | THE VALLEY (capital) 1,000 (2014) |
| Sex ratio: | at birth: 1.04 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-24 years: 1 male(s)/female 25-54 years: 0.82 male(s)/female 55-64 years: 0.9 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.98 male(s)/female total population: 0.91 male(s)/female (2016 est.) |
| Infant mortality rate: | total: 3.4 deaths/1,000 live births male: 3.8 deaths/1,000 live births female: 2.9 deaths/1,000 live births (2016 est.) |
| Life expectancy at birth: | total population: 81.4 years male: 78.8 years female: 84.1 years (2016 est.) |
| Total fertility rate: | 1.75 children born/woman (2016 est.) |
| Contraceptive prevalence rate: | 43% note: percent of women aged 15-45 (2003) |
| Drinking water source: | improved: urban: 94.6% of population rural: NA total: 94.6% of population unimproved: urban: 5.4% of population rural: NA total: 5.4% of population (2015 est.) |
| Sanitation facility access: | improved: urban: 97.9% of population rural: NA total: 97.9% of population unimproved: urban: 2.1% of population rural: NA total: 2.1% of population (2015 est.) |
| HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: | NA |
| HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS: | NA |
| HIV/AIDS - deaths: | NA |
| Education expenditures: | 2.8% of GDP (2008) |
| Literacy: | |
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| Government | |
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| Country name: | conventional long form: none conventional short form: Anguilla etymology: the name Anguilla means "eel" in various Romance languages (Spanish, Italian, Portuguese, French) and likely derives from the island's lengthy shape |
| Government type: | parliamentary democracy (House of Assembly); self-governing overseas territory of the UK |
| Capital: | name: The Valley geographic coordinates: 18 13 N, 63 03 W time difference: UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time) |
| Administrative divisions: | none (overseas territory of the UK) |
| Independence: | none (overseas territory of the UK) |
| National holiday: | Anguilla Day, 30 May (1967) |
| Constitution: | several previous; latest 1 April 1982; amended 1990 (2016) |
| Legal system: | common law based on the English model |
| Suffrage: | 18 years of age; universal |
| Executive branch: | chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor Christina SCOTT (since 23 July 2013) head of government: Chief Minister Hubert HUGHES (since 16 February 2010) cabinet: Executive Council appointed by the governor from among elected members of the House of Assembly elections/appointments: the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed chief minister by the governor |
| Legislative branch: | description: unicameral House of Assembly (11 seats; seven members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote, two appointed by the governor, and two ex officio members - the attorney general and deputy governor; members serve five-year terms) elections: last held on 22 April 2015 (next to be held in 2015) election results: percent of vote by party - AUF 54.4%, AUM 38.3%, DOVE 1.4%, independent 5.9%; seats by party - AUF 6, independent 1 |
| Judicial branch: | highest court(s): the Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (ECSC) is the itinerant superior court of record for the 9-member Organization of Eastern Caribbean States to include Anguilla; the ECSC - headquartered on St. Lucia - is headed by the chief justice and is comprised of the Court of Appeal with 3 justices and the High Court with 16 judges; sittings of the Court of Appeal and High Court rotate among the 9 member states; High Court judges reside in 7 member states, though none resides on Anguilla judge selection and term of office: Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court chief justice appointed by Her Majesty, Queen ELIZABETH II; other justices and judges appointed by the Judicial and Legal Services Commission; Court of Appeal justices appointed for life with mandatory retirement at age 65; High Court judges appointed for life with mandatory retirement at age 62 subordinate courts: Magistrate's Court; Juvenile Court |
| Political parties and leaders: | Anguilla United Front or AUF [Victor BANKS] (an alliance of the Anguilla Democratic Party or ADP and the Anguilla National Alliance or ANA) Anguilla United Movement or AUM [Dr. Ellis WEBSTER] Democracy, Opportunity, Vision, and Empowerment Party or DOVE [Sutcliffe HODGE] |
| Political pressure groups and leaders: | |
| International organization participation: | Caricom (associate), CDB, Interpol (subbureau), OECS, UNESCO (associate), UPU |
| National symbol(s): | dolphin |
| National anthem: | name: "God Bless Anguilla" lyrics/music: Alex RICHARDSON note: local anthem adopted 1981; as a territory of the United Kingdom, "God Save the Queen" is official (see United Kingdom) |
| Diplomatic representation in the US: | none (overseas territory of the UK) |
| Diplomatic representation from the US: | none (overseas territory of the UK) |
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| Economy | |
Anguilla has few natural resources, and the economy depends heavily on luxury tourism, offshore banking, lobster fishing, and remittances from emigrants. Increased activity in the tourism industry has spurred the growth of the construction sector contributing to economic growth. Anguillan officials have put substantial effort into developing the offshore financial sector, which is small but growing. In the medium term, prospects for the economy will depend largely on the tourism sector and, therefore, on revived income growth in the industrialized nations as well as on favorable weather conditions. Anguilla has few natural resources, and the economy depends heavily on luxury tourism, offshore banking, lobster fishing, and remittances from emigrants. Increased activity in the tourism industry has spurred the growth of the construction sector contributing to economic growth. Anguillan officials have put substantial effort into developing the offshore financial sector, which is small but growing. In the medium term, prospects for the economy will depend largely on the tourism sector and, therefore, on revived income growth in the industrialized nations as well as on favorable weather conditions. | |
| GDP (purchasing power parity): | GDP (purchasing power parity): $175.4 million (2009 est.) $191.7 million (2008 est.) $108.9 million (2004 est.) GDP (purchasing power parity): $175.4 million (2009 est.) $191.7 million (2008 est.) $108.9 million (2004 est.) |
| GDP (official exchange rate): | GDP (official exchange rate): $175.4 million (2009 est.) GDP (official exchange rate): $175.4 million (2009 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate: | -8.5% (2009 est.) -8.5% (2009 est.) |
| GDP - per capita (PPP): | GDP - per capita (PPP): $12,200 (2008 est.) GDP - per capita (PPP): $12,200 (2008 est.) |
| GDP - composition, by end use: | household consumption: 69.8% government consumption: 14.9% investment in fixed capital: 20.4% investment in inventories: 0% exports of goods and services: 43.1% imports of goods and services: -48.2% (2016 est.) household consumption: 69.8% government consumption: 14.9% investment in fixed capital: 20.4% investment in inventories: 0% exports of goods and services: 43.1% imports of goods and services: -48.2% (2016 est.) |
| GDP - composition, by sector of origin: | household consumption: 69.8% government consumption: 14.9% investment in fixed capital: 20.4% investment in inventories: 0% exports of goods and services: 43.1% imports of goods and services: -48.2% (2016 est.) household consumption: 69.8% government consumption: 14.9% investment in fixed capital: 20.4% investment in inventories: 0% exports of goods and services: 43.1% imports of goods and services: -48.2% (2016 est.) |
| Agriculture - products: | small quantities of tobacco, vegetables; cattle raising small quantities of tobacco, vegetables; cattle raising |
| Industries: | tourism, boat building, offshore financial services tourism, boat building, offshore financial services |
| Industrial production growth rate: | 2% (2016 est.) 2% (2016 est.) |
| Labor force: | 6,049 (2001) 6,049 (2001) |
| Labor force - by occupation: | agriculture/fishing/forestry/mining: 4% manufacturing: 3% construction: 18% transportation and utilities: 10% commerce: 36% services: 29% (2000 est.) agriculture/fishing/forestry/mining: 4% manufacturing: 3% construction: 18% transportation and utilities: 10% commerce: 36% services: 29% (2000 est.) |
| Unemployment rate: | 8% (2002) 8% (2002) |
| Population below poverty line: | 23% (2002 est.) 23% (2002 est.) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share: | lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA% lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA% |
| Budget: | revenues: $95.07 billion expenditures: $86.63 billion (2016 est.) revenues: $95.07 billion expenditures: $86.63 billion (2016 est.) |
| Taxes and other revenues: | 54,202.4% of GDP (2016 est.) 54,202.4% of GDP (2016 est.) |
| Public debt: | 20.1% of GDP (2015 est.) 20.8% of GDP (2014 est.) 20.1% of GDP (2015 est.) 20.8% of GDP (2014 est.) |
| Fiscal year: | 1 April - 31 March 1 April - 31 March |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices): | Inflation rate (consumer prices): -0.3% (2016 est.) -1% (2015 est.) Inflation rate (consumer prices): -0.3% (2016 est.) -1% (2015 est.) |
| Current account balance: | -$50.1 million (2015 est.) -$46.9 million (2014 est.) -$50.1 million (2015 est.) -$46.9 million (2014 est.) |
| Exports: | $5.6 million (2016 est.) $6 million (2015 est.) $5.6 million (2016 est.) $6 million (2015 est.) |
| Exports - commodities: | lobster, fish, livestock, salt, concrete blocks, rum lobster, fish, livestock, salt, concrete blocks, rum |
| Imports: | $128.3 million (2016 est.) $128.6 million (2015 est.) $128.3 million (2016 est.) $128.6 million (2015 est.) |
| Imports - commodities: | fuels, foodstuffs, manufactures, chemicals, trucks, textiles fuels, foodstuffs, manufactures, chemicals, trucks, textiles |
| Debt - external: | $8.8 million (1998) $41.04 million (31 December 2013 est.) $8.8 million (1998) $41.04 million (31 December 2013 est.) |
| Exchange rates: | East Caribbean dollars (XCD) per US dollar - 2.7 (2016 est.) 2.7 (2015 est.) 2.7 (2014 est.) 2.7 (2013 est.) 2.7 (2012 est.) East Caribbean dollars (XCD) per US dollar - 2.7 (2016 est.) 2.7 (2015 est.) 2.7 (2014 est.) 2.7 (2013 est.) 2.7 (2012 est.) |
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| Energy | |
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| Communications | |
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| Cellular Phones in use: | total: 26,000 subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 158 (July 2015 est.) |
| Telephone system: | general assessment: modern internal telephone system domestic: fixed-line teledensity is about 35 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular teledensity is roughly 160 per 100 persons international: country code - 1-264; landing point for the East Caribbean Fiber System submarine cable with links to 13 other islands in the eastern Caribbean extending from the British Virgin Islands to Trinidad; microwave radio relay to island of Saint Martin/Sint Maa (2015) |
| Broadcast media: | 1 private TV station; multi-channel cable TV subscription services are available; about 10 radio stations, one of which is government-owned (2007) |
| Internet country code: | .ai |
| Internet users: | total: 12,000 percent of population: 76% (July 2015 est.) |
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| Transportation | |
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| Airports: | 2 (2013) |
| Airports (paved runways): | total 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2013) |
| Airports (unpaved runways): | total 1 under 914 m: 1 (2013) |
| Roadways: | total 175 km paved: 82 km unpaved: 93 km (2004) |
| Ports and terminals: | major seaport(s): Blowing Point, Road Bay |
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| Military | |
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| Defense is the responsibility of the UK | |
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| Transnational Issues | |
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| Disputes - International: | none |
| Illicit drugs: | transshipment point for South American narcotics destined for the US and Europe |
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Source: CIA - The World Factbook